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1971
Busing to integrate public schools is a constitutionally acceptable method. So said the U.S. Supreme Court in a ruling handed down in the Swann versus Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education case.
Reverend Jessie Jackson forms People United to Save Humanity or PUSH. Its headquarters are located in Chicago, Ill.
The 26th Amendment passed and lower the voting age qualification to 18 years old. The action placed over 25 million potential voters eligible to vote in 1972.
Captain Samuel L. Gravely, Jr became the first African American to ascend to the rank of Admiral in the United States Navy. Joe Frazier defeats Muhammad Ali for the undisputed heavyweight championship of the world.
The Lunar Rover explores the moon’s surface during Apollo’s 15th mission. Intel 4004, the first Microprocessor was advertised for sale. Ted Hoff designed the custom chip for Busicom, a Japanese calculator maker. The amazing 4004 packed 2,250 transistors onto a silicon sliver comparable to the size of the head of a thumbtack. It performed 60,000 operations per second, handled data in four-bit chunks, and functioned exactly like a computer’s central processing unit.
IBM invented a eight-inch Floppy Diskette capable of programming and storing data. It won rave reviews for its reusability, portability, and inexpensive high-density storage capability.
1972
Nolan Bushnell sold his company for $15 million dollars. Atari’s founder and creator of the game circuit board introduced Pong (coin-operated table tennis) to the masses. Have you heard of video games?The debut of Intel’s 8008 microprocessor introduced a chip with eight-bit word (a byte). A vast improvement over it’s predecessor, the four-bit 4004. This chip could handle all of the letters of the alphabet-both uppercase and lowercase-all ten numerals, punctuation marks, and numerous other symbols.
Long Binh (Air force base?) was transferred to South Vietnam as part of President Nixon plan to withdraw all U.S. troops from the region.
Equal Rights Amendment passed by Congress. W. Sterling Cary (of New York) became the first African American head of the National Council of Churches. He served a three- year term.
Five men were apprehended at the Watergate Hotel and charged with an attempted burglary. They were looking for damaging info to use on the Democrats in the upcoming election. Despite troubling suspicions of the Presidents involvement, Richard M. Nixon and Spiro T. Agnew were reelected as president and vice president respectively. Nixon defeated George McGovern.
IBM’s Edgar F. Codd is credited with implementing the first Relational Database. The database allowed the sorting and storing of a multitude of data in tables with rows of entries crossed by columns of information. It is another significant development in computer technology.
The Viet Cong and North Vietnamse troops renew their offense in South Vietnam with the aim of reuniting the country.
Alan Kay, working for Xerox developed Smalltalk. The technology allowed the viewer to partition the monitor screen to display menus, files, and icons. A mouse was used to manipulate the functions and later became the feature that made the Macintosh interesting to user and potential user alike. Can you spell Windows?
1973
Hanoi and the U.S. agree to the final details ending the Vietnam War. Shortly thereafter the last U.S. troops are withdrawn followed by the official signing of a cease-fire by the U.S. and South Vietnam with North Vietnam.
Vice-President Spiro T. Agnew (charge with accepting bribes) resigns. Gerald R. Ford is selected to replace him by President Nixon. From February through July of 1974, The Watergate Hearings conducted by a congressional panel, and chaired by Senator Sam Ervin, Jr., find instances of bribery, misconduct, and misuse of funds for private gain by some of the highest members in President Nixon’s Administration. The president continued to deny any knowledge of wrong doing on his behalf.
May 29th, Councilman Tom Bradley was elected mayor of Los Angeles.
1974
Frank Robinson is the first African American to manage a major league baseball team. He singed to manger the Cleveland Indians. "Hammering" Hank Aaron breaks Babe Ruth’s home run record by belting the 715th home run of his career. Muhammad Ali knocks out George Forman to win the "Thriller in manila" heavyweight bout for the undisputed championship of the world
In July, The House Judiciary Committee voted to articles of a bill of impeachment against President Nixon for obstruction the Watergate investigation, violation of his oath of office, and refusing to turn over documents requested by the investigating committee.
In August, Richard Milhouse Nixon resigned the Presidency amid the very real indications that he would be impeached. His current Vice President Gerald R. Ford assumed the duties of President of the United States. Later on, President Ford granted Nixon a full pardon. The Watergate scandal finally saw evidence of closure.
The Intel 8080, five times faster than the 8008, and handles 64,000 bytes (64K) of memory, four times the capacity of the 8008. Sounds like an improvement over its predecessor. 1974 also saw the introduction of the Computer on a Chip from Texas Instruments. It was the first integrated circuit that included a microprocessor, read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), and input/output circuitry. Labeled TMS 1000, the chip was placed in everything from microwave ovens to hand held video games.
1975
Saigon (South Vietnams capital) is overrun and captured by North Vietnamse soldiers. They immediately rename the city after their northern leader Ho Chi Minh (City).Muslim leader, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad died in Chicago, Ill leaving The Nation of Islam without a designated successor.
Bill Gates and Paul Allen founded Microsoft.
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